{"id":13220,"date":"2020-03-12T22:28:28","date_gmt":"2020-03-13T05:28:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/?p=13220"},"modified":"2023-12-01T02:31:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T10:31:36","slug":"javascript-touppercase-tolowercase","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript toUpperCase and toLowerCase"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>The JavaScript <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> method returns a string without any uppercase letters. Similarly, the <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> method returns a string without any lowercase characters. Both accept a string and return that string in a different case.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>When you\u2019re working with a string in JavaScript, you may encounter a situation where you want to change the case of the string. For instance, if you\u2019re creating a sign-up form that collects a user\u2019s email address, you may want the email address to appear in all-lowercase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s where the <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> and <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> JavaScript functions come in. These functions allow you to convert a string to all-uppercase and all-lowercase, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this tutorial, we\u2019ll explore how to use the <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> and <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> string methods in JavaScript. We\u2019ll also walk through an example of each of these methods being used in a real program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After reading this article, you\u2019ll be an expert in the use of these string methods! Let\u2019s get started.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">JavaScript Strings and Case Sensitivity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Strings are a data type, in Java, used to store text. Strings can include letters, symbols, numbers, and white spaces. The string data type is important because it allows developers to communicate text-based data through a computer program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In JavaScript, strings can be declared using single quotes (<code>\u2018\u2019<\/code>), double quotes (<code>\u201c\u201d<\/code>), or backticks (<code>``<\/code>). Single quotes and double quotes can be used interchangeably, although you should keep your usage of either consistent throughout a program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s an example of a string in JavaScript:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>var email_address = \"linda.carlton@google.com\";<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Strings are <strong>case sensitive<\/strong>. This means that when you are comparing strings, searching through strings, or otherwise manipulating strings, the case of each individual character will have an impact on how you work with the string. For instance, if you compare two strings in different cases, the strings will not be considered the same by JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> and <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> methods are useful because they allow you to convert a string to a specific case. This means that you can perform equal comparisons and otherwise manipulate the contents of a string easily by converting the string into a specific case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">JavaScript toUpperCase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> method converts a string to uppercase letters. <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> does not change the value of a string, instead, it returns a copy of the string in all uppercase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s the syntax for the <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> method:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>string_name.toUpperCase();<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> does not accept any arguments and returns a copy of the string in all uppercase. Let\u2019s walk through an example to illustrate how this works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Suppose we are operating a restaurant and we want to write a program that helps the reservation attendant check whether someone is on the VIP list. We have a list of VIPs stored in uppercase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esther McKay has just arrived and our attendant wants to check if she is on the VIP list. The following program would allow our attendant to do so:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>var vips = ['ESTHER MCKAY', 'HARRY JOHNSON', 'DAVID ANDREWS', 'SALLY BRANT'];\nvar customer = 'Esther McKay';\nif (vips.includes(customer.toUpperCase())) {\nconsole.log(customer + ' is on the VIP list.');\n} else {\n\tconsole.log(customer + ' is not on the VIP list.');\n}<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When we run our code, the following response is returned:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Ester McKay is on the VIP list.<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s break down our code. On the first line, we declare a list called <code>vips<\/code> which stores all the VIP names. Then, we declare a variable called <code>customer<\/code> which stores the name of our customer. In this case, <code>customer<\/code> is assigned the value <code>Esther McKay<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, we create an <code>if<\/code> statement that checks whether the value of <code>customer<\/code> is in the <code>vips<\/code> list. To do so, we use <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> to retrieve our customer\u2019s name in all uppercase, then we use the <code>includes()<\/code> method to check if <code>vips<\/code> includes the customer\u2019s name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, <code>ESTHER MCKAY<\/code> is in our VIPs list, so our program prints the message <code>Esther McKay is on the VIP list.<\/code> to the console. If the name was not on the VIP list, the message <code>Esther McKay is not on the VIP list.<\/code> would have been returned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">JavaScript toLowerCase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The JavaScript <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> method converts a string to lowercase letters. Like the <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> method, <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> does not alter the original string. Instead, it returns a copy of the string where the letters are converted to lowercase characters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s the syntax for the <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> method:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>string_name.toLowerCase();<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> method functions in exactly the same way as <code>toUpperCase()<\/code>, but instead of converting a string to uppercase, it converts the string to lowercase.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s walk through an example to illustrate this method in action. Suppose you are creating a login form for a website and you store all email addresses in lowercase. So, before you save a user\u2019s email address, you want to convert it to lowercase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is common practice because when a user signs in, you\u2019ll want to search for the email address they inserted in your database. If a user initially submitted an email address with case-sensitive characters, it may affect whether you can find that email in your database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You could convert the email address a user has submitted to lowercase using this code:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>var email = \"Emily.Saunders@google.com\";\nvar lowercase_email = email.toLowerCase();\nconsole.log(lowercase_email);<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns: \u201c<a href=\"mailto:emily.saunders@gmail.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" rel=\"nofollow\">emily.saunders@gmail.com<\/a>\u201d. As you can see, the email address has been converted to lower case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this guide, we discussed how to use the <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> and <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> to convert a string to all-uppercase and all-lowercase, respectively. We also walked through an example of each of these methods in action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You\u2019re now ready to start using <code>toUpperCase()<\/code> and <code>toLowerCase()<\/code> to convert the cases of JavaScript strings like an expert.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"The JavaScript toLowerCase() method returns a string without any uppercase letters. Similarly, the toUpperCase() method returns a string without any lowercase characters. Both accept a string and return that string in a different case. When you\u2019re working with a string in JavaScript, you may encounter a situation where you want to change the case of&hellip;","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":13221,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11933],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13220","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-javascript"},"acf":{"post_sub_title":"","sprint_id":"","query_class":"JavaScript","school_sft":"","parent_sft":"","school_privacy_policy":"","has_review":"","is_sponser_post":"","is_guest_post":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>JavaScript toUpperCase and toLowerCase: The Complete Guide | CK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The JavaScript toUpperCase and toLowerCase code methods convert a string to all-uppercase and all-lowercase. 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Learn more in this article.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Career Karma\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/facebook.com\/careerkarmaapp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-03-13T05:28:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-01T10:31:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/photo-of-people-near-laptops-3184312.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1020\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"680\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"James Gallagher\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@career_karma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@career_karma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"James Gallagher\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"James Gallagher\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e79364792443fbff794a144c67ec8e94\"},\"headline\":\"JavaScript toUpperCase and toLowerCase\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-13T05:28:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-01T10:31:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/\"},\"wordCount\":842,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/photo-of-people-near-laptops-3184312.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"JavaScript\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/\",\"name\":\"JavaScript toUpperCase and toLowerCase: The Complete Guide | CK\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-touppercase-tolowercase\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/photo-of-people-near-laptops-3184312.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-13T05:28:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-01T10:31:36+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e79364792443fbff794a144c67ec8e94\"},\"description\":\"The JavaScript toUpperCase and toLowerCase code methods convert a string to all-uppercase and all-lowercase. 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