{"id":13626,"date":"2020-03-21T11:37:37","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T18:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/?p=13626"},"modified":"2023-12-01T02:34:40","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T10:34:40","slug":"java-super","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/java-super\/","title":{"rendered":"Java Super"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Super: A Guide<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Inheritance is a core feature in object-oriented programming that allows a developer to define a new class from an existing class. For instance, a class to store the suppliers of meat at a local health foods store could be defined based on a class to store any product sold at the store.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you\u2019re working with inheritance in Java, you\u2019ll likely encounter the super keyword. The super keyword is used to access superclass members inside a subclass, and has a variety of uses when inheriting superclass members.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This tutorial will discuss, with references and examples, the basics of the Java super keyword and how you can use it in your code. By the end of reading this tutorial, you\u2019ll be a master at using the super keyword in Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Inheritance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In Java, inheritance is used to define a new class from an existing one. Inheritance is a useful feature because it allows coders to reduce the amount of code they have to repeat because they can use existing code to create new classes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Inheritance is used when there is an <code>is-a<\/code> relationship between two classes. Here are a few examples of this type of relationship:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Meat is a food<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An iPhone is a phone<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A lamp is an item of furniture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A tire is part of a car<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>By inheriting code from another method, you can access the attributes, constructors, and methods stored in that function and use those in your new method. Here\u2019s an example of inheritance being used to inherit the code stored in a BankAccount method for use in a new method called SavingsAccount:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>class BankAccount {\n\t\/\/ Methods, attributes, constructors\n}\nclass SavingsAccount extends BankAccount {\n\t\/\/ Methods, attributes, constructors\n}<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, we use the extends keyword to inherit all the methods, attributes, and constructors from the BankAccount method and apply them to the new SavingsAccount method. If you\u2019re interested in learning more about Java inheritance, you can read our full guide on the topic <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/java-inheritance\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Super<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The super keyword is used to access superclass members in a subclass. The members of a superclass are constructors, attributes, and methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Java, the superclass, also known as the <code>parent class<\/code>, is the class from which a child class (or a subclass) inherits its constructors, methods, and attributes. For instance, in our above example, BankAccount was the superclass from which our subclass SavingsAccount inherited its values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The super keyword is used in three situations, which we will explore below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using Super to Access Superclass Attributes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In Java, attributes in a superclass and subclass can have the same name. If you want to explicitly access the contents of a superclass\u2019 attribute, you have to use the super keyword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s an example of super being used with reference to our bank account example from above to access a class attribute:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>class BankAccount {\n\tprotected String accountType = \"Bank Account\";\n}\nclass SavingsAccount extends BankAccount {\n\tpublic String accountType = \"Savings Account\";\n\tpublic void printAccountDetails() {\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Account type: \" + accountType);\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Parent account type: \" + super.accountType);\n\t}\n}\nclass Main {\n\tpublic static void main(String[] args) {\n\t\tSavingsAccount johnSavings = new SavingsAccount();\n\t\tjohnSavings.printAccountDetails();\n\t}\n}<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Account type: Savings Account\nParent account type: Bank Account<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In our example, we have declared a superclass called BankAccount which has one attribute: accountType. accountType is equal to <code>Bank Account<\/code> in this class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We have also defined a subclass called SavingsAccount which inherits its values from BankAccount. In this subclass, we declare a variable called accountType which stores the type of account held by that class, which is <code>Savings Account<\/code> in this case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then we create a method called <code>printAccountDetails()<\/code> which, when invoked, prints out the account type of the SavingsAccount, preceded by the label <code>Account type:<\/code>. We use the accountType variable to print out the account type of SavingsAccount because the accountType variable has local scope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After that has been printed, <code>Parent account type:<\/code>  is printed to the console, followed by the accountType of the BankAccount class. We use <code>super.accountType<\/code> to reference the value of accountType which is stored in the parent class default constructor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In our main program, we first create an object of the SavingsAccount method called johnAccount which stores the details for his account. Then we call the method called <code>printAccountDetails()<\/code> to retrieve information about John\u2019s account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using Super to Access Superclass Method<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Methods in a subclass and a superclass can have the same name. If you want to access the method stored in a superclass that has the same name as a subclass method, you have to use the super keyword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s an example of super being used to access a superclass method, using the example of a program that stores bank account information:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>class BankAccount {\n\tpublic void displayAccountType() {\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Account type: Bank Account\");\n\t}\n}\nclass SavingsAccount extends BankAccount {\n\t@Override\n\tpublic void displayAccountType() {\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Account type: Savings Account\");\n\t}\n\tpublic void displayParentAccountType() {\n\t\tsuper.displayAccountType();\n\t}\n}\nclass Main {\n\tpublic static void main(String[] args) {\n\t\tSavingsAccount johnSavings = new SavingsAccount();\n\t\tjohnSavings.displayAccountType();\n\t\tjohnSavings.displayParentAccountType();\n\t}\n}<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Account type: Savings Account\nAccount type: Bank Account<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, we have declared a superclass called BankAccount which has one method: <code>displayAccountType()<\/code>. When this method is invoked, <code>Account type: Bank Account<\/code> is printed to the console.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We have also declared a subclass called SavingsAccount which has two methods: <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> and <code>displayParentAccountType()<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> is executed, <code>Account type: Savings Account<\/code> is printed to the console. When <code>displayParentAccountType()<\/code> is executed, we use the super keyword to invoke the <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> method from our parent class. So, instead of executing the <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> method in the SavingsAccount class, our program executes the <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> method in the BankAccount class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In our main program, we first declare an instance of SavingsAccount called johnSavings. We then invoke the <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> method, which runs <code>displayAccountType()<\/code> from the SavingsAccount method. Finally, we invoke <code>displayParentAccountType()<\/code> which executes <code>super.displayAccountType()<\/code> and prints <code>Account type: Bank Account<\/code> to the console.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using Super to Access Superclass Constructor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The super keyword is also used to access a constructor from a superclass that shares the same name as a constructor in a subclass. You can learn more about Java constructors in our Java constructor tutorial <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/how-to-use-java-constructors\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To call a superclass constructor from a subclass constructor, we need to use <code>super()<\/code> inside the subclass constructor. <code>Super()<\/code> must be the first statement in the argument constructor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s an example of <code>super()<\/code> being used to call a superclass constructor, using our bank account example application:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>class BankAccount {\n\tBankAccount() {\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Parent account type: Bank Account\");\n\t}\n}\nclass SavingsAccount extends BankAccount {\n\tSavingsAccount() {\n\t\tsuper();\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Main account type: Savings Account\");\n\t}\n}\nclass Main {\n\tpublic static void main(String[] args) {\n\t\tSavingsAccount johnAccount = new SavingsAccount();\n\t}\n}<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Parent account type: Bank Account\nMain account type: Savings Account<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, we have defined a superclass called BankAccount which includes a constructor. This constructor, when invoked, prints <code>Parent account type: Bank Account<\/code> to the console.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We have also defined a subclass called SavingsAccount which includes a constructor. This constructor, when invoked, uses <code>super()<\/code> to invoke the BankAccount constructor in the BankAccount class. This prints <code>Parent account type: Bank Account<\/code> to the console. Then, the SavingsAccount constructor prints <code>Main account type: Savings Account<\/code> to the console.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In our main program, we initialize an instance of the SavingsAccount object called johnAccount. When we initialize johnAccount, the <code>SavingsAccount()<\/code> constructor is executed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Java super keyword has three uses. These are to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Access superclass attributes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Access superclass methods<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Access superclass constructors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This tutorial discussed, with reference to examples, how to use the Java superclass keyword for those purposes. Now, after reading this tutorial, you\u2019re ready to start using the Java super keyword like an expert!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Java Super: A Guide Inheritance is a core feature in object-oriented programming that allows a developer to define a new class from an existing class. For instance, a class to store the suppliers of meat at a local health foods store could be defined based on a class to store any product sold at the&hellip;","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":13627,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17289],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13626","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-java"},"acf":{"post_sub_title":"","sprint_id":"","query_class":"Java","school_sft":"","parent_sft":"","school_privacy_policy":"","has_review":"","is_sponser_post":"","is_guest_post":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Java Super: define a new class from an existing class<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The super keyword is used to access methods, attributes, and constructors from a superclass in a subclass. 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