{"id":18456,"date":"2020-06-25T01:59:30","date_gmt":"2020-06-25T08:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/?p=18456"},"modified":"2023-12-01T03:23:28","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T11:23:28","slug":"python-lambda-functions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/python-lambda-functions\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Lambda Functions: An Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Python Lambda functions are single line, anonymous functions. Lambda expressions in Python are useful for single line functions that do not need a name, such as filtering lists, converting string cases, or multiplying a number. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>When you\u2019re writing a program that will perform a similar task multiple times, it\u2019s impractical to repeat your code as it would mean you\u2019d have to update every instance of it if you needed to change how the task works. The larger your codebase is, the longer it will take to make these changes.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s where functions come in handy. In Python, there\u2019s a special type of function called an anonymous function which allows you to declare quick functions: the lambda expression.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This guide will discuss how to use lambda functions in Python to automate repetitive processes. We\u2019ll also provide two examples of a lambda function in action so you\u2019ll have all the materials you need to write your own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Function?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In programming, a function is a block of code that performs a specific task.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One big reason why coders use functions is that they help reduce repetition in their code. If you bundle up a process into a function, you can call it anywhere in your program. You don\u2019t need to repeat your code multiple times.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This also helps developers write more maintainable code. If you need to make a change to that process, all you need to do is modify your function. You don\u2019t need to make changes to multiple lines of code which have just been copied and pasted in your program.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s an example of a function in Python:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>def say_hello(name):\n\tprint(\"Hello there, \" + name)\nsay_hello(\"Arthur\")<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When we run this code, the following is returned: Hello there, Arthur.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While these functions are useful, if you want to do something simple like make every string in a list of strings lowercase, writing a function is quite verbose. You\u2019d have to assign a name to a new function in order for your code to work. That\u2019s where lambda functions come in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Lambda Function?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A lambda function is a type of function that is defined without a name. These functions are sometimes called anonymous functions, because they don\u2019t need a name. Whereas our function from earlier had the name sayHello, and was defined using \u201cdef\u201d, a lambda function does not need a name and is defined using \u201clambda\u201d.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main advantage of using a lambda function is that it can be written on one line. This makes lambda functions useful if you have a quick process you want to perform multiple times. Here are a few instances where a lambda function may be helpful:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Multiplying a number<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Converting a string to upper or lowercase<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Filtering a list<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s the syntax for creating a lambda function in Python:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>name = lambda arguments: expression<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The number of arguments you can specify with a lambda function is not limited. Let\u2019s walk through an example to illustrate how a lambda function works in Python. Suppose we want to multiply a number by seven. To do so, we could use the following function:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>def multiply_by_seven(number):\nreturn number * 7\nprint(multiply_by_seven(2))<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When we run this code, the following is returned: 14.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While this code does work, it\u2019s not as efficient as it could be. We spend an entire line of code defining the name and arguments for our function and another line of code calculating and returning a value. To make our function more efficient, we could use a lambda function.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s a lambda function that performs the same action as above:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>multiply_by_seven = lambda n: n * 7\nprint(multiply_by_seven(2))<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns: 14. As you can see, the output of our function is the same. The difference is that we\u2019ve used a lambda function instead of a regular function. In this case:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>lambda<\/strong> keyword indicates that we are declaring a lambda function<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>n<\/strong> is the argument for our function.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>n * 7<\/strong> is the single expression specified to our lambda function.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Are Lambda Functions Used?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lambda functions have a wide range of uses in Python. In our last example, we demonstrated how you could use a lambda function to multiply two numbers. But, there are a few more common use cases of which you should be aware.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Often, lambda functions are used alongside built-in functions such as the <code>reduce()<\/code> function, the <code>map()<\/code> function or the <code>filter()<\/code> function. Lambda functions are sometimes used with list comprehensions to perform repetitive tasks, too.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s say we own a bakery and we want to create a list of all the pies we sell based on a list of all the baked goods we sell. We could do so using this code:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>baked_goods = ['Blondie', 'Chocolate Chip Cookie', 'Apple Pie', 'Pecan Pie', 'Blackberry Pie', 'Scone']\npies = filter(lambda pie: \"Pie\" in pie, baked_goods)\nprint(list(pies))<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>['Apple Pie', 'Pecan Pie', 'Blackberry Pie']<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s break down how this worked. On the first line of our code, we declared a list of baked goods. Then, we used the <code>filter()<\/code> function to filter out all of the baked goods which contain the word \u201cPie\u201d. The <code>filter()<\/code> function allowed us to iterate through every item in the \u201cbaked_goods\u201d list and filter out items that did not meet a particular criteria.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We did this by defining a lambda function which checks if each string contains \u201cPie\u201d, and only returns the string if that string contains \u201cPie\u201d. In this case, our lambda function is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>lambda pie: \"Pie\" in pie<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>You can see from this example that Python lambda functions do not need a name. They can exist in-line, unlike traditional functions. If an item meets our criteria, our Lambda expression returns true; otherwise, no value is returned.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, we convert the variable \u201cpies\u201d to a list and print it to the console. We do this because <code>filter()<\/code> returns a custom filter object, so in order to see our pies, we need to convert it using <code>list()<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lambda functions, also known as anonymous functions, allow you to define a function without a name. They are useful if you need to perform an action multiple times in your code.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For instance, if you need to multiply a number by another number, you may use a lambda function; or you could use a lambda function to filter out items in a list.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python Lambda functions are single line, anonymous functions. Lambda expressions in Python are useful for single line functions that do not need a name, such as filtering lists, converting string cases, or multiplying a number. When you\u2019re writing a program that will perform a similar task multiple times, it\u2019s impractical to repeat your code as&hellip;","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":18457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16578],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18456","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-python"},"acf":{"post_sub_title":"","sprint_id":"","query_class":"Python","school_sft":"","parent_sft":"","school_privacy_policy":"","has_review":"","is_sponser_post":"","is_guest_post":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Python Lambda Functions: An Introduction | Career Karma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lambda functions are an alternative to traditional functions that perform simple tasks in Python code. 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