{"id":19778,"date":"2020-07-19T04:41:15","date_gmt":"2020-07-19T11:41:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/?p=19778"},"modified":"2020-12-29T13:43:46","modified_gmt":"2020-12-29T21:43:46","slug":"javascript-object-assign","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-object-assign\/","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript Methods: Object.assign()"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>JavaScript has an Object class that has all sorts of methods we can use to manipulate those objects. In this article, we\u2019ll take a look at the Object.assign() method and demonstrate how it\u2019s used.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Little Background<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As a reminder an object is a data type in JavaScript, similar to dictionaries in Python, that have what we call key:value pairs. Let\u2019s say we have an object, let\u2019s call it Harry. It might have key:value pairs that look like this:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>let Harry = {\n \tfirstName: 'Harry',\n \tlastName: 'Potter',\n \tage: 11,\n \thouse: 'Gryffindor',\n \tpet: {\n   \t  name: 'Hedwig',\n        animal: 'owl'\n \t}\n};<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The basic rule of theme in this situation is that the property name to the left of the colon is the key, and the stuff to the right is the value. Most of the keys and values are fairly straightforward \u2013 the only one that might be a little dicey is the very last property: pet. Pet is still the key in this instance. The value, however, is an object that has two more key:value pairs. This is what we call a nested object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Object.assign(<em>target, &#8230;sourceObjs)<\/em>;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There is an Object method called <em>assign()<\/em> that can be used to take one or more source objects and copy them to a target object. Let\u2019s go straight to the code to see what it does:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>let hpChar = {\n firstName: 'Harry',\n lastName: 'Potter',\n age: 11,\n house: 'Gryffindor',\n pet: {\n   name: 'Hedwig',\n   animal: 'owl'\n }\n}\n \nObject.assign({}, hpChar);\nconsole.log(hpChar, '\\n');\nObject.assign(hpChar, {\n \tfirstName: 'Hermione',\n \tlastName: 'Grainger',\n \tpet: {\n   \t\tname: 'Crookshanks',\n   \t\tanimal: 'cat'\n \t}\n}\n \n);\n \nconsole.log(hpChar)<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s walk through the code together. We start with an object literal called hpChar. This hpChar has a firstName, lastName, age, house, and pet property. That pet property is an object itself and has some keys and values on its own.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, we have our first instance of our method that we\u2019re here to talk about. Object.assign takes two or more parameters. The first is <em>always<\/em> the target object you want to assign values to. In this instance, it\u2019s an empty object.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The second parameter is our object defined above. This is the source material we are going to take from to assign to the target object (our first parameter).&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following line logs the result into the console:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>{ firstName: 'Harry',\n  lastName: 'Potter',\n  age: 11,\n  house: 'Gryffindor',\n  pet: { name: 'Hedwig', animal: 'owl' } }<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Nothing too terribly different, right? That\u2019s because we assigned hpChar to an empty object \u2013 we essentially cloned the object. What if we were to do it again, but change some values? Instead of the empty object this time, let\u2019s replace that with the hpChar object \u2013 this will be our target this time. Let\u2019s change some values on the second parameter. Feel free to play around with the values as long as you keep the keys the same.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are the values I\u2019m going to replace. If the value in the target object doesn\u2019t need to be changed, you don\u2019t have to explicitly call out it\u2019s value in the source object.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Object.assign(hpChar, {\n \tfirstName: 'Hermione',\n \tlastName: 'Grainger',\n \tpet: {\n   \t\tname: 'Crookshanks',\n   \t\tanimal: 'cat'\n \t}\n}\n \n);<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The second time we logged the result in the console, it returned the target object, overwriting the properties with new values. Now our console looks like this:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>{ firstName: 'Hermione',\n  lastName: 'Grainger',\n  age: 11,\n  house: 'Gryffindor',\n  pet: { name: 'Crookshanks', animal: 'cat' } }<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This is what merging two objects with the same properties looks like. Now what if we were to merge three objects with different properties? What do you expect to happen?&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>var obj1 = {\n foo: 1\n}\n \nvar obj2 = {\n bar: 2\n}\n \nvar obj3 = {\n baz: 3\n}\n \nObject.assign(obj1, obj2, obj3)\n \nconsole.log(obj1);<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Obj1 is our target obj. Obj2 and obj3 are our source objects. Those will be merging into our target object. Because no properties overlap, all properties will be merged into obj1 with their respective values.&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>{ foo: 1, bar: 2, baz: 3 }<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>There you have it! A working implementation of Object.assign(). Once you understand the concepts here, you\u2019re one step closer to learning a JavaScript framework!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ready for more?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Take a look at these tutorials to further your study&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-object-keys\/\">JavaScript Object.keys()<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-let\/\">A Step-By-Step Guide to JavaScript Let<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-typeof\/\">JavaScript typeof<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-string-contains\/\">JavaScript String Contains: Step-By-Step Guide<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/javascript-variables\/\">JavaScript Variables<\/a><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"JavaScript has an Object class that has all sorts of methods we can use to manipulate those objects. In this article, we\u2019ll take a look at the Object.assign() method and demonstrate how it\u2019s used. A Little Background As a reminder an object is a data type in JavaScript, similar to dictionaries in Python, that have&hellip;","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":19330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11933],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-19778","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-javascript"},"acf":{"post_sub_title":"","sprint_id":"","query_class":"JavaScript","school_sft":"","parent_sft":"","school_privacy_policy":"","has_review":null,"is_sponser_post":"","is_guest_post":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>JavaScript Methods: Object.assign() | Career Karma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Object.assign() is a JavaScript method that allows us to clone and merge objects together. 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