{"id":23440,"date":"2020-10-01T00:56:20","date_gmt":"2020-10-01T07:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/?p=23440"},"modified":"2023-12-01T04:01:20","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T12:01:20","slug":"python-exceptions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/python-exceptions\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Exceptions: A Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Exceptions can be raised by the Python interpreter and manually. Built-in exceptions help catch common errors in a program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this guide, we\u2019re going to discuss what an exception is and how they are used. We\u2019ll walk through an example of how to raise an exception so you can work with them in your code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is an Exception?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An exception, also called a logical error, is an error that occurs during program runtime.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are two types of errors in Python: syntax errors<\/a> and runtime errors. Syntax errors are raised before a program runs. If your program encounters a syntax error, your program will not be able to run. This is because Python cannot interpret code that contains syntax errors.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Runtime errors, also called exceptions, are encountered while Python runs a program. An exception may be raised on line 30 of a program. If an exception is raised on line 30, 30 lines of code will run, then the program will stop.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here is an example of an exception:
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traceback (most recent call last):\n  File "main.py", line 6, in <module>\n\ts_names.append(n)\nAttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'append'<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
This exception tells us Python cannot run the rest of our code. If you encounter an exception, you should carefully read the message. The error message will tell you most, if not all, of what you need to know to solve an error.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Let\u2019s break down the last sentence in our error message:
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
AttributeError: \u2018str\u2019 object has no attribute \u2018append\u2019<\/a>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In this case, we know our error is an AttributeError. This means we\u2019re trying to reference an attribute that does not exist. Our error message tells us we are trying to use append() on a string object, which is not allowed.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because string objects do not support the append()<\/code> method, a good next step is to look for the equivalent of append()<\/code> for strings. This is concatenation. Now we have a potential solution to our programming issue that we can apply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Where May I Encounter an Exception?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
To help programmers catch errors in their code, Python has a range of built-in exceptions. These exceptions can help you identify the cause of an issue in your code so you can fix them. Below are a few of the most common exceptions you\u2019re likely to encounter:
<\/p>\n\n\n\n