{"id":24162,"date":"2020-10-13T12:15:35","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T19:15:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/?p=24162"},"modified":"2023-12-01T04:01:33","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T12:01:33","slug":"python-permissionerror-errno-13-permission-denied","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/python-permissionerror-errno-13-permission-denied\/","title":{"rendered":"Python PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied Solution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Python can only open, read from, and write to files if an interpreter has the necessary permissions. If you try to open, read from, or write to a file over which Python has no permissions, you\u2019ll encounter the <code>PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied<\/code> error.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this guide, we discuss what this error means and why it is raised. We\u2019ll walk through an example so you can learn exactly how to solve this error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Computers use file permissions to protect the integrity of files. Some files have restricted access by default. You can change the access permissions of a file at any time.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s say you are working on an important program. You may only want that program to be readable by you. To accomplish this, you could modify the \u201cread\u201d permissions on all the files and folders in your program. This would limit access to your program.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Any file that you try to access from a Python program must be readable by the user or group that is running the file.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are running a Python script from a web server process, for instance, you would need to make sure that the user that owns the web server has access to all the files that you reference in your code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">An Example Scenario<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019re going to build a program that reads a list of NFL scores from a file into a program.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We have a file called afc_east.csv which contains the following:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Bills,4,0\nPatriots,2,1\nDolphins,1,3\nJets,0,4<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our file is a CSV. We\u2019re going to import the <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/python-csv-module\/\">Python csv module<\/a> into our code so we can work with the file:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>import csv<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, let\u2019s open up our file in our Python program. We can do this using the <code>csv.reader()<\/code> statement:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>with open(&quot;afc_east.csv&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as file:\n\treader = csv.reader(file)\n\tfor r in reader:\n\t\tprint(r)<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This code will open up the file called afc_east.csv in read mode. Then, the CSV reader will interpret the file. The CSV reader will return a list of values over which we can iterate. We then print each of these values to the console using a <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/python-for-loop\/\">for loop<\/a> and a <code>print()<\/code> statement so we can see the contents of our file line-by-line.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s run our program to see if it works:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>Traceback (most recent call last):\n  File &quot;test.py&quot;, line 3, in &lt;module&gt;\n\twith open(&quot;afc_east.csv&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as file:\nPermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'afc_east.csv'<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code returns an error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Solution<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A PermissionError indicates that Python does not have the right permissions to access a file.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s check the permissions of our file. We can do this using the <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/linux-ls-command\/\">ls -la command<\/a>:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>ls -la <\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>We can see that the afc_east.csv file is owned by the <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/linux-sudo-command\/\">root user<\/a>:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>-rw-rw-rw-  1 root  staff  46 Oct  5 07:01 afc_east.csv<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a problem because we don&#8217;t run Python as root. This means that Python cannot read our file. To fix this error, we need to change the ownership permissions of our file using the chown command:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>chown james:admin afc_east.csv<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This command makes the \u201cjames\u201d user and the <a href=\"https:\/\/careerkarma.com\/blog\/linux-add-user-to-group\/\">\u201cadmin\u201d group<\/a> the owners of the file.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alternatively, we could change the permissions of the file using the chmod command:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>chmod 755 afc_east.csv<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This command makes our file readable and executable by everyone. The file is only writable by the owner. Let&#8217;s try to run our Python script again:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-codemirror-blocks-code-block code-block\"><pre>['Bills', '4', '0']\n['Patriots', '2', '1']\n['Dolphins', '1', '3']\n['Jets', '0', '4']<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our code successfully prints out all of the scores from our file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied<\/code> error occurs when you try to access a file from Python without having the necessary permissions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To fix this error, use the chmod or chown command to change the permissions of the file so that the right user and\/or group can access the file. Now you have the skills you need to solve this error like a pro!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python can only open, read from, and write to files if an interpreter has the necessary permissions. If you try to open, read from, or write to a file over which Python has no permissions, you\u2019ll encounter the PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied error. In this guide, we discuss what this error means and why&hellip;","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":24163,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16578],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24162","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-python"},"acf":{"post_sub_title":"","sprint_id":"","query_class":"Python","school_sft":"","parent_sft":"","school_privacy_policy":"","has_review":null,"is_sponser_post":"","is_guest_post":[]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Python PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied | Career Karma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"On Career Karma, learn about the Python PermissionError: [errno 13] permission denied 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He has experience in range of programming languages and extensive expertise in Python, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. 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