What a Class B CDL Allows You to Drive
A Class B commercial driver’s license (CDL) is your ticket to operating straight trucks, city buses, school buses, dump trucks, delivery trucks, and certain utility or municipal vehicles. For many new drivers, a Class B CDL is appealing because it typically requires less training time than a Class A license while still opening the door to local or regional jobs.
In this guide, you’ll learn what the training process may look like, what requirements you’ll need to meet before enrolling in a Class B CDL training program, how much school typically costs, and what kinds of jobs are available after earning your license. We’ll also break down what to look for in a commercial Class B license school so you can choose a program that fits your budget, schedule, and career goals.
Key Takeaways
- Training programs combine classroom instruction with behind-the-wheel practice to prepare you for the skills test and endorsements.
- Requirements include ELDT theory, a commercial learner’s permit, a DOT medical card, and state-specific testing rules.
- Class B drivers qualify for local and regional roles in delivery, transit, school transportation, construction, and public works.
- Costs vary by school type, but many students use options like GI Bill benefits or WIOA funding to reduce expenses.
- Choosing the right program involves evaluating schedules, instructor quality, equipment, job placement support, and endorsement availability.
- Many Class B vehicles fall under categories such as vocational trucks, utility trucks, and box trucks.
Class B CDL Requirements
Let’s dive into Class B CDL requirements. It’s important to note that before you can start training for your Class B CDL, you’ll need to meet the federal and state requirements. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) sets the national baseline, with each state then layering on its own testing procedures and eligibility restrictions.1
You’re federally required to complete Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT) theory and behind-the-wheel instruction. The FMCSA requires ELDT theory to be completed before testing for a CDL.2 This is mandatory for all new CDL applicants and, according to the FMCSA as of April 2023, training covers core theory topics like basic operation, safe operating procedures, advanced operation procedures, vehicle systems, reporting malfunctions, and more.3 ELDT theory must be completed through an FMCSA-approved provider.4
Before you can fully earn your CDL, you’ll need to have a commercial learner’s permit (CLP). You don’t necessarily need this to enroll in Class B CDL training, but you will need it to complete the CDL skills test.5 To apply for a CLP, you’ll need to meet the age requirement: at least 18 years old for intrastate driving or 21 years old for interstate work. You must also hold a valid driver’s license and provide supporting identity documents, which typically include proof of residency, Social Security verification, and a clean driving record.
A valid Department of Transportation (DOT) medical card is also required.5 DOT medical exams must be completed by a certified medical examiner listed on the FMCSA National Registry.4 This physical exam confirms you meet the health standards for commercial driving and must be renewed periodically. You will also be subject to drug and alcohol testing rules, including pre-employment testing and random tests under federal regulations.
Once your CLP is issued, you can begin behind-the-wheel training alongside an instructor or qualified driver. Each state determines its own waiting period before you may test, and timelines vary. After the waiting period, you’ll schedule your skills test, which includes three parts: the pre-trip inspection, basic vehicle control, and the road test.5 Passing all three earns you your Class B CDL, plus any endorsements you apply for.
What Training Covers in a Class B Program
A commercial Class B license school teaches you the hands-on skills and safety knowledge needed to confidently operate larger straight trucks, buses, and other Class B vehicles. Training blends classroom instruction with behind-the-wheel (BTW) practice, giving you the time to build muscle memory and learn how to manage a heavier vehicle safely.
According to the FMCSA ELDT training manual from February 2022, theory instruction includes:6
Basic Operation
- Control systems/dashboard
- Pre- and post-trip inspections
- Basic control
- Shifting/operating transmissions
- Backing and docking
Safe Operating Procedures
- Visual search
- Communication
- Distracted driving
- Speed management
- Space management
- Night operation
- Extreme driving conditions
Advanced Operating Practices
- Hazard perception
- Skid control/recovery, jackknifing, and other emergencies
- Railroad-highway grade crossings
Vehicle Systems and Reporting Malfunctions
- Identification and diagnosis of malfunctions
- Roadside inspections
- Maintenance
Non-Driving Activities
- Handling and documenting cargo
- Environmental compliance issues
- Hours of service requirements
- Fatigue and wellness awareness
- Post-crash procedures
- External communications
- Whistleblower/coercion
- Trip planning
- Drugs/alcohol
- Medical requirements
According to the FMCSA ELDT training manual from February 2022, BTW instruction includes both range and public road hours:6
Range
- Vehicle inspection pre-trip/enroute/ post-trip
- Straight line backing
- Alley dock backing (45/90 degree)
- Off-set backing
- Parallel parking blind side
- Parallel parking sight side
Public Road
- Vehicle controls: Left turns, right turns, lane changes, curves at highway speeds, and entry and exit on the interstate or controlled access highway
- Shifting/transmission
- Communications/signaling
- Visual search
- Speed and space management
- Safe driver behavior
- Hours of Service (HOS) requirements
- Hazard perception
- Railroad (RR)-highway grade crossing
- Night operation
- Extreme driving conditions
- Skid control/recovery, jackknifing, and other emergencies
Training Program Types for Class B
Class B CDL training is available through private schools, employer-sponsored programs, and community colleges.
Community College
Community colleges offer Class A and Class B CDL training programs. One nice thing about taking this route is that these schools may have ties with local transit agencies, city governments, and delivery companies, which can help with job placement after graduation. Community college programs may run on semester schedules or accelerated formats, depending on the region—so it’s important to think about how long you’re willing to study and train for.
Private Truck Driving School
Private CDL Truck Driving schools are an option that tends to help students graduate quicker than community colleges—mostly because they work on their own schedule vs a semester-based schedule. They’re often equipped with training lots and dedicated Class B vehicles. Costs vary, but private schools typically provide flexible schedules, including part-time or weekend options. This will be extremely important for you if you’ll be working another job while in training.
Employer-Sponsored Programs
If you want guaranteed job placement or low-cost training, employer-sponsored programs may be the best fit. Transit authorities, sanitation departments, waste management companies, and some regional delivery fleets train new drivers internally. One thing to note about going down this path is that these programs might require a work commitment or contract period post-studies. That being said, having an employer sponsor your studies can eliminate upfront tuition costs while providing immediate employment.
How Much Class B CDL Training Costs
Class B CDL training costs vary by school type, training length, and whether employer sponsorship or financial assistance is available.
Training costs for a Class B CDL vary widely depending on the school, program length, location, and whether employer sponsorship is available. According to Roehl Transport, the average tuition price in 2024 for CDL training ranged from “$3,000 to $10,000 or more.”7 As mentioned previously, employer-sponsored programs are often free or have little to no cost, as long as you commit to working for the organization after earning your license.
Beyond tuition, there are additional expenses to plan for. These may include the CLP application fee, knowledge test fees, skills test fees, medical exam costs, and endorsement fees if you choose to add passenger or school bus credentials.
Depending on the program you use, there may be financial assistance available to you. Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) funding can help eligible students cover training expenses.8 Some schools also accept GI Bill benefits for veterans. Some community colleges and private programs also offer payment plans or local grants for qualifying residents.
Career Paths With a Class B CDL
Class B CDL careers offer a wide variety of transportation and public service paths. These include delivery driving, transit routes, school transportation, public works, and other local or regional driving roles.
Straight trucks may be used by retail distributors, furniture companies, beverage distributors, and more. These roles often involve customer service skills, loading or unloading products, and navigating residential or commercial neighborhoods.
According to CDLJobs.com, as of November 2025, Class B drivers can be hired to operate city buses.9 Transit roles are well-suited for drivers who enjoy interacting with passengers and working on consistent routes.
School bus driving is another career path option, if you acquire your passenger and school bus endorsements. This career might offer you consistent work during the school year, with potential for additional hours during field trips or summer programs. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics in May 2024, bus drivers in transit and intercity systems earned a median annual wage of $48,370.10
Construction and municipal services rely heavily on Class B drivers as well. Dump truck operators, utility service drivers, and sanitation workers drive Class B vehicles as part of their daily duties.9 These roles are typically found in city or county departments.
Choosing a Class B CDL School
Selecting the right CDL B training program comes down to finding a school that offers strong hands-on practice, experienced instructors, and the right mix of endorsements for your career goals. Endorsement options matter—if you plan to drive a bus, look for programs that offer passenger (P) or school bus (S) training. If you expect to work in construction or municipal services, confirm the school uses training vehicles similar to what you’ll drive on the job.
Fleet quality is another key factor. Schools with newer trucks or well-maintained equipment make it easier to practice confidently and reduce the chance of mechanical issues that could delay training.
Lastly, consider the schedule. Some programs offer evening, weekend, or part-time sessions designed for working adults. If you need flexibility, ensure the school has multiple class formats available. A good training program should help you complete ELDT theory, build strong range and road skills, and feel prepared for your skills test without feeling rushed.
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Next Steps
A Class B CDL offers a clear pathway into a transportation career, offering no degree requirements and manageable training timelines. Whether you choose a community college, private school, or employer-sponsored program, the right training will prepare you for safe driving.
Your next step is applying for your commercial learner’s permit, comparing Class B CDL training programs in your area, and choosing the school that fits your needs. With the right preparation, you can start driving professionally.
Class B CDL Training FAQs
Is Class B easier than Class A?
That depends on you! You might find Class B training more straightforward than Class A, as the vehicles are smaller and the training period is often shorter, though both licenses require safety-focused instruction.
Can I upgrade Class B to A later?
Yes. You can upgrade to a Class A CDL by completing the additional training, ELDT requirements, and skills tests for Class A vehicles.
How long is training?
Training duration varies depending on school format, schedule, and any endorsements required.
Sources:
2 https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/registration/commercial-drivers-license/entry-level-driver-training-eldt
3 https://tpr.fmcsa.dot.gov/content/Resources/ELDT-Overview-Presentation_revApril2023.pdf
6 https://tpr.fmcsa.dot.gov/content/Resources/ELDT-Curriculum-Summary.pdf
7 https://www.roehl.jobs/blog/2024/cdl-training-cost
8 https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/wioa
9https://www.cdljobs.com/class-b-cdl-jobs
10https://www.bls.gov/ooh/transportation-and-material-moving/bus-drivers.htm
