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James Gallagher

Technical Content Manager

James Gallagher is a self-taught programmer and the technical content manager at Career Karma. He has experience in range of programming languages and extensive expertise in Python, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. James has written hundreds of programming tutorials, and he frequently contributes to publications like Codecademy, Treehouse, Repl.it, Afrotech, and others.

Git Another git process seems to be running in this repository Solution
Only one Git process can run at any given time on a project. If you have multiple processes that are using Git on your computer, you’ll encounter the “Another git process seems to be running in this repository” error. This…
Python SyntaxError: continue not properly in loop Solution
The continue keyword moves the order of a program onto the next iteration in a loop. If you use a continue statement outside of a for loop or a while loop, the SyntaxError: continue not properly in loop error will…
Top 7 Common Internship Interview Questions (with Answers)
You’ve submitted your application for an internship, and a few days later you receive an email from the hiring manager. You’ve caught their eye, and they want to schedule an interview to hear more about you and your experience. Congratulations!…
Git Permission denied (publickey). fatal: Could not read from remote repository Solution
You can authenticate yourself with a Git repository using either a Secure Shell (SSH) key or a password. If you use an SSH key and fail to configure that key correctly, you’ll encounter the “Permission denied (publickey). fatal: Could not…
Python SyntaxError: ‘return’ outside function Solution
A return statement sends a value from a function to a main program. If you specify a return statement outside of a function, you’ll encounter the “SyntaxError: ‘return’ outside function” error. In this guide, we explore what the “‘return’ outside…
What is Data Analysis?
When you sent your last email, you created data. When you logged onto a shopping site to make a purchase, you created data. This data will likely be stored somewhere, usually either on your computer or the servers of a…
Python SyntaxError: ‘break’ outside loop Solution
A break statement instructs Python to exit a loop. If you use a break statement outside of a loop, for instance, in an if statement without a parent loop, you’ll encounter the “SyntaxError: ‘break’ outside loop” error in your code.…
What is Data Cleaning?
When data scientists talk about “cleaning” data, it’s hard to interpret them literally. This is reasonable because data scientists do not physically clean data with sanitizer. Cleaning data involves making a dataset useful by removing and modifying erroneous or irrelevant…
Undo Git Pull: A Guide
The git pull command lets you retrieve changes made to a project from a remote repository and download those changes to your local machine. This operation can be undone using the git reset command. The reset command reverts a repository…
Git: Pull All Branches
Git lets you maintain multiple separate lines of development for a project. These lines of development are called branches. You can retrieve the latest version of a branch from a remote repository independently or you can retrieve the latest version…
GraphQL vs. REST: A Guide
With the growth of the internet, interest in APIs has skyrocketed.  Application programming interfaces (APIs) let developers build their own tools upon existing platforms. You can use the Spotify API, for instance, to build programs that can use data on…
Git Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge Solution
You cannot pull code from a remote repository if there are any conflicts between uncommitted changes you have made on your local machine and the contents of the remote repository. This protects you from overwriting code you want to keep.…
Git src refspec master does not match any Solution
You need to add a file to a commit before you can push your changes to a remote Git repository. If you create a new repository and forget to add a file to a commit, you may encounter the “src…
Git Cannot open .git/FETCH_HEAD: Permission denied Solution
Git needs write permissions on the files in a directory called .git/ inside your project folder. If the Git command line does not have access to this folder, you’ll encounter an error like “Cannot open .git/FETCH_HEAD: Permission denied” when you…
Git Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout Solution
You cannot modify a file on two branches and switch between those branches without committing or stashing the file. This is because Git is unsure what changes should be saved and what changes should be overwritten. This guide discusses the…
Git nothing to commit, working directory clean Explanation
When you have added all of the changes in a repository to a commit, the Git command line will classify your working directory as “clean”. You’ll see this description if you run git status to check the status of your…
Git fatal: Could not read from remote repository Solution
Before you can read from a private repository or write to a Git repository, you must be authenticated. If you use the wrong Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to connect to a repository, or have incorrectly set up your Secure Shell…
Undo Git Init: A Guide
There is no specific undo command for the git init command. You can undo the effects of this command by removing the .git/ folder in a project. This guide discusses why you may want to undo the git init command…
Java Hello World: A Guide for Beginners
Welcome to the Java programming language. The first task any beginner should take on is the “Hello, World!” script. In this task, you have to print a message to the console. This is another way of saying make a line…
Git remote: invalid username or password Solution
To access private remote repositories and modify remote repositories using the Git command line, you must be authenticated. If you try to access or modify a repository and enter the wrong authentication credentials, you’ll encounter the remote: invalid username or…
IPv4 vs. IPv6: A Comparison
The Internet Protocol (IP) is used to send data around networks on the internet. There are two modern versions of the Internet Protocol that you may hear in use: IPv4 and IPv6. In this guide, we’re going to discuss what…
Git changes not staged for commit Explanation
Before you create a commit, you have to add the files you have changed to that commit. When you run the git status command before adding files to a commit, you’ll see the changes not staged for commit message in…
Situational Interview Questions: 6 Examples with Answers
In an interview, you may get questions about how you would respond to a particular scenario. These situational interview questions are designed to help a recruiter learn more about how you would react to a particular scenario on the job.…
Git Please make sure you have the correct access rights Solution
You must have permission to access a Git repository before you can clone or modify a repository. If you try to clone or modify a repository which you do not have permission to access, you’ll encounter the “Please make sure…
Git fatal: ‘origin’ does not appear to be a git repository Solution
By default, a Git repository is not associated with a remote repository. If you try to push changes to a remote repository without first specifying its location, you’ll encounter the “fatal: ‘origin’ does not appear to be a git repository”…
Git: Move Commit to Another Branch
Code in Git projects is stored in branches. Each branch is an independent line of development in which you can make changes to files. You can move commits from one branch to another branch if you want changes to be…
SSD vs. HDD: A Comparison
Traditional hard drives (HDDs) and solid state drives (SSDs) are both popular methods of storage on modern computers. If you’re buying a laptop or a desktop computer, storage space will be a consideration, even if you are only interested in…
A Step-By-Step Guide to CSS Position
The CSS position property modifies the position of an element on an HTML page. top, right, left, and bottom properties define where an element is positioned relative to the edge of the box. The position CSS property has five values:…
JSON vs. XML: A Comparison
JSON and XML are used to share information over the internet. Both of these data types store information in a particular order where data is associated with a label or a tag. In this guide, we discuss what JSON and…
TCP vs. UDP: A Guide
There are two protocols used to transmit data between networked devices: TCP and UDP. These two protocols are both part of the Internet Protocol (IP). This guide discusses what these protocols are and how they work. We’ll discuss the main…
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